Coke oven



Feb. 20, 1934. F, SCHRADER ET AL 1,947,500

COKE OVEN Filed Oct. 8. 1930 3 Sheets-Sheet l ATTORNEY Fbb.20,1934. LF5CHRADER ErAL L94Z50 coxE OVEN Filed Oct. 8, 1930 '3 Sheets-Sheet 2 ATTORNEY 1 Feb. 207,/ 1934. L F, SCHRADER ET AL 1,947,500

Patented Feb. 20, 1934 1,947,500 COKE OVEN Lloyd F. Schrader, OzonePark, and Frederick P.

Hart, Whitestone, N. Y., assignors to Semct- Solvay Engineering Corporation, ANew York, N. Y., a. corporation of New York Application october s, i930. serialI No. 487.133 5 Claims. (Cl. 20a-144).

This invention relates to coke Ovens, and more particularly to so-called combination by-product coke ovens arranged to burn in the vertical flues flanking the coking chambers either lean gas, o such as producer or blast furnace gas,`which for efficient operation requires preheatingr rich gas, such as coke oven gas, which requires no preheating.

One object of this invention is to provide a com- 13 bination by-product coke oven which overcomes and obviates the objections to and difiiculties of by-product coke ovens of this type now in use. 'Another object is to provide a vertical flue combination oven of rugged construction which is more To efficient than the by-product coke Ovens of this type known to us and which admits of accurate and ready control of temperatures Within the flues and the coking' chambers. Other objects and advantages will appear from the followingY 2o detailed description.

In our improved oven the defects and objections to prior existing combination ovens are overcome and obviated.l The Oven battery comprises coking chambers, preferably horizontally S5 elongated chambers, and heating walls arranged side by side in alternate relation. The heating walls are composed Of vertical combustion flues disposed in a plurality of groups of consecutive flues, preferably four, the individual fiues of each group operating for inflow in the same direction.

In the preferred embodiment of this invention involving four groups of flues beginning with the pusher side of the battery, the first group of dues Operates for inflow and is communicably connected with the second group of flues, which operates for outflow. The third group operating for inow is communicably connected with the fourthgroup operating for outflow. The connections between the groups of fiues are horizontal bus ues, the horizontal bus flue connecting groups l and 2 being in longitudinal alignment with the horizontal flue connecting groups 3 and 4 and both horizontal ilues being positioned in the heating wall below the top of the coking cham- 5 ber, preferably at a point a few inches below the level of the charge in the coking chamber. Each vertical flue is provided with slide bricks vat its base. controlling the inlet duct and also at ,the top in the neighborhood of the outlet from the flue permitting individual control of flow through each flue.

The use of two separate horizontal nues permits of the use of horizontal flues of smaller cross-sectional area and avoids the necessity for providing a large Open space or bus flue extending throughl out the length of the heating wall, and consequently eliminates the weakening influences present in oven structures having a single large horizontal bus flue in the top of the heating walls. This heating wall structure involving twoseparate horizontal flues ineachheating Wall also possesses the advantage that it does not weaken the superstructure of the oven battery as in the case of coke oven Abatteries in which a plurality of bus flues are provided in each heating Wall, the corresponding bus fines of adjacent heating walls being inter-connected by passages extending over the tops of the coking chambers.k These cross-over passagessince they pass through expansion joints 'in the superstructure ofthe bat- 70 tery materially weaken the superstructure. Further, the passage of hot gas over the top o! the coking chamber results in excessivetemperatures in the coking chamber space above the charge with consequent decomposition and degradation o f the coke Oven gas coming off from the charge. In our coke oven design, since, as above pointed out, the tops of the horizontal flues are below the level of the charge in the coking chamber,

destructive temperatures do not prevail in the v coking chamber space above the charge. The arrangement of four groups of flues involving alternate inflow and outflow groups permitsindependent control: of the temperatures in the coking chambers at the pusher side and the coke side of each chamber. l

An improved regenerator system is associated with the flues beneath the coking chambers. The system involves crosswise extending' regenerators each positioned beneath the coking chambers between the massive supporting walls extending directiy beneath the heating Walls. Thus, each regenerator completely occupies the space between the supporting walls underneath each coking chamber. The rcgenerators are connected in series of' two longitudinally of the battery with the heating flues of each heating wall. Each regenerator, in the preferred form of this invention, is divided by partition walls spaced widthwise of the battery into four sections,;one

for each group of fines.

A -chimney flue is positioned at each side of the battery,4 alternate regenerator sections beginning with the section immediately adjacentthe chimney flue at o'ne side of the battery being 105 communicably connected'with the chimney Iiue at that side of the battery. For convenience the regenerator sections of each regen'erator may be numbered 1, 2, 3, and 4, beginning with the regenerator section adjacent the pusher side of the battery. In accordancefwith this invention, regenerator sections 1 and 3 are connected by channels to the chimney flue at the pusher side of the battery. Regenerator sections 2 and 4 or each crosswise extending regenerator are connected with the chimney flue at the .coke side of the battery. This construction has the advantage that short channels or passages are required to connect sections 1 and 4 with the associated chimney flue and longer channels are necessary for connecting regenerators 2 and 3 with the communicating chimney iiue, none of the channels being equal in length to the distance the regenerator section at one side of the battery is positioned away from the chimney flue at the other side. This arrangement has the further advantage that the flow through` the channels and the regenerator sections 1 and 4,

vpositioned at the sides of the battery, are in the same direction. Hence, both channels are subject to the same pressure conditions so that there is no tendency for leakage to occur from one channel to the other, thus minimizing leakage losses in the operation of the battery.

Each regenerator section is connected to two groups of consecutive heating iiues, one in each heating wall on opposite sides of the coking chambers above the regenerator in question,

kthrough a horizontal sole passage connectedwith the regenerator at spaced points throughout its length. Upwardly extending ducts lead from opposite sides of each horizontal sole flue into the bases of the vertical fiues, there being a duct individual to each flue. Alternate regenerators longitudinally of the battery are connected with la main through which producer, blast furnace, or other extraeously derived gas may be passed. The remaining regenerators are arranged to be placed into communication with the atmosphere.

Thus, air and gas pass through alternate regenerator sections longitudinally of the battery through regenerator sections 1 and 3, up through groups 1 and 3 of the lues, burning therein; the products of combustion passing through the` bus nues into groups '2 and 4 of the uesand connected regenerator sections, out through the channels into the chimney flue at the coke side of the batery. This flow, as customary, is periodically reversed so that the regenerators and connected flues operating for iniiow are caused to operate for outflow, the regenerator material serving to extract the heat from the products of combustion, which pass into the chimney flue on the pusher side of the battery, and the regenerators andthe connected ues operating for outflow are caused to operate for inflow.

When operating with coke oven gas burning in the flues, air is fed through al1 the inflowl vregenerators and the coke oven gas is supplied directly to the iiues through gas channels positioned beneath the iiues. and provided with burner ducts leading into the base of the ilues.

Incoke ovens as heretofore constructed due to the high temperatures prevailing in the brick Work beneath the ues, it has been found, that the burners carbonize and must be decarbonized at more or less regular intervals. Usually decar-v bonization is effected by feeding air, or other oxygen-containing gas through the burner nozzles during alternate cycles of `operation when the burners are not used for feeding gas to the ues. The introduction of air through the burners into the'iiues, while it functions to remove carbon deposited in the burners, has the disadvantage that it dilutes the products of combustion in the ues materially reducing the high temperatures therein and thus interfering with eilicient coking.

In our improved oven, the cooling effects of the gas fed to the second and third groups of ilues in its passage through the brickwork under the rst and fourth groups of flues, and also the cooling effects of the atmosphere in proximity to the first and fourth groups of flues, results in decreased temperatures in the burners through which gas is fed to the rst and fourth groups of ues and consequently avoids the depositing of carbon in the nozzles and the necessity for decarbonizationvof the burner nozzles in the first and fourth groups of fiues. In accordance with our invention, decarbonizing air may be fed to only the interior groups of iiues, consequently diminishing the amount of air introduced into the flues and the cooling effects of the decarbonizing medium entering the iiues.

In the accompanying drawings, forming apart of this specification and showing for purposes of exempliiication, a preferred form of this invention withoutlimiting the claimed invention to such illustrative instance-v Fig. 1 is a cross-wise vertical section through a coke oven battery embodying the improvement of the present invention, the view being taken longitudinally through a heating Wall and regenerators and in a plane indicated by the line 1-1 of Figs. 2 and 4;

Fig. 2 is a fragmentary vertical section through a coke oven battery taken longitudinally of the battery in a plane passing through the charging openings leading into the coking chambers and .taken on line 2--2 of Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a fragmentary vertical section through a coke oven battery taken longitudinally of the battery in a plane indicated by the line 3-3 of Fig. 2; and

Fig. 4 is a fragmentary plan section through the regenerators of the coke oven battery taken in a plane indicated by the line 4-4 of Fig. 2.

In the preferred embodiment illustrated in the drawings, the invention is shown incorporated in a combination coke oven battery and the present `description will be confined to the present illustrated embodiment of the invention in such oven battery. It will be noted, however, that the novel features and improvements are susceptible to other applications, such for example as ordinary coke ovens employing coke oven gas for fuel or ovens using `producer gas for fuel. Hence, the scope of this invention is not confined to the embodiment. herein described.

In the drawings referring to Figs. 1 and 2, there is shown a combination by-product coke oven embodying in its construction a plurality of heating walls 12 and a plurality of intermediate cross-wise extending horizontally elongated coking chambers 13. The heating Walls form the side walls of the respective coking chambers, the heating walls and the coking chambers, together with the superstructure of the oven battery, being supported by massive supporting walls 14 positioned directly beneath the heating walls 12. The Y supporting walls 14 rest on and are supported by a flat mat or platform which constitutes the sub-foundation for the oven battery.

The coal or other material to be coked is charged into the coking chambers 13 through charging holes l5 located in the top 16 of the oven battery and positioned directly above and communicating With the coking chambers 13. charging holesare equipped with the usual re- TheV movable covers which are removed during charging of the in'dividual coking chambers and are placed in position to close the tops of said coking chambers during the entire coking operation. The gases evolved in the coking chambers pass from the ducts thereof through the usual ascension pipes (not shown) into the usual gas collector main system which communicates with the by-product recovery apparatus.

Referring more particularly to Fig. 1, it will be noted that each heating wall 12 is composed of a plurality of vertical combustion flues formed by transverse flue walls 17. The fluesvof each heating wall are operatively disposed in four groups of consecutive flues, the groups being numbered for convenience 1, 2, 3, and 4, each group of ilues being constituted of a like number of flues, six in the embodiment shown on the drawings and the ilues of each group operating concurrently for flow in the same direction. During one cycle of operation, indicated by the arrows on Fig. 1, the flues of groups 1 and 3 operate concurrently as inflow fiues, while similarly the flues of groups 2 and 4 operate concurrently as outflow flues. The tops of flue group 1 are communicably connected with the tops of flue group 2 by a horizontal passage or bus flue 18 while the flues of groups 3 and 4 are interconnected by the horizontal bus flue 19.v

Bus flues 18 and 19 of each heating wall are placed in longitudinal alignment at a level somewhat below the usual level of the charge in the coking chambers. The flow through each flue may be regulated by a vslide brick or rdamper brick 21 removable on ledge 22 (Fig. 2) on thesides of the flues to vary the extent of the passage 23 connecting the vertical flues with the horizontal bus ilues. Slide or damper bricks 24 are also provided at the base of the flues for regulating the flow from the regenerators, hereinafter described, to the ilues. Each slide brick 21 or 24 may be advanced more or less over the passage 23 or ducts communicating with the regenerators respectively through access flues 25 which extend from the tops of the vertical fiues. Access ilues 26, Fig. 1, also extend from the tops of the vertical flues, the access fiues affording access to the gas nozzles hereinafter described located in the bottoms of the flues.

The regenerators of the battery are located beneath the coking chambers 13 and extend crosswise of the battery parallel to the coking chambers 13 between the supporting walls 14. Inrthe middle lengthwise vertical plane 'of the battery, a vertical partition 27 is positioned, running the full length of the battery and extending all the way from the top of conduit 53, hereinafter more fully described, to the top of the battery. This partition divides the regenerators and connected groups of flues into two sets of inflow and outflow regenerators and flues, the respective sets being located on opposite sides of the battery, thereby permitting control from opposite sides of the battery of the flow of air and gas into and through the regenerators and connected flues.

The regenerators are arranged lengthwise of the battery in series of two regenerators 28, 29 connected to the ues of each heating wall, each regenerator being connected to corresponding groups in the heating walls on opposite sides of the coking chamber above. Partition wall 31 (Fig. 4) divides the regenerator sections at the pusher side of the battery with respect to the aforementioned partition wall 27 into two sections, numbered for convenience 1 and 2 (Fig. 1), regenerator section 1 being connected to group 1 of the nues and regenerator section 2 being connected Vto group 2 of the flues in the pair of heating walls defining the coking chamber above. Likewise partition wall 32 divides the regenerator sections at the coke side of the battery intotwo sections, 3 and 4, section 3 being connected to group 3 and section 4 to group 4 of the flues in the pair of heating walls defining the coking chamber above. All the regenerator sections 1 and 3 during one cycle of operation of the battery operate for inflow into groups 1 and 3 of the flues respectively, the products of combustion passing down through groups 2 and. 4 into regenerator sections 2 and 4 respectively, whichoperate for outflow. Thus, crosswise-of the battery, the regenerator sections alternate as inflow and outflow regenerator sections andV longitudinal of the battery the regenerator sections in longitudinal alignment are al1 in the same` phase.

In accordance with this invention, when operating with an extraneously derived gas as the fuel burned in the nues, regenerators 29 preheat producer or other extraneously derived gas and the regenerators 28 preheat the air necessary for combustion of the gas in the flues,` When op- .100 erating with fuel gas fed directly to the iiues the regenerator section below through a plurality ofspaced ports or points 36, preferably one port for each flue connected'to the sole passage 35. From the sides of the sole flue 35 lead` upwardly extending ducts 37, one individual to each flue, the ducts leading into the bases of the flues, the ducts from the regenerators 28 joining the ducts from regenerators 29 immediately belowthe flue, as shown in Fig. 2, and both ducts join to form a single duct or passage which leads into the base of the flue. Hence, admixture of gas and air from regenerators 29 and 28 respectively takes place immediately below the flues before these media enter theA fiues and the mixture burns upwardly in a vertical direction, the flow being under 4control of the damper or slide bricks 24 in the base of each flue. This arrangement' of regenerators. and flues results in uniform distribution of the gas to the individual flues, efficient admixture and burning of the gas'and lair in the flue, with consequent uniform temperatures in the heating walls andcoking chambers, and also a longer life for the vbrick .work in the flues since the direction of flow of the gas and air atthe points of entry into the ilues is directly upward andthe side Walls of the vilues at the points of entry of gas and air are not in the direct path of flow of the burning gases.v

It will be noted that sections 1 and .3 of regenerators 28 and 29 feed air and gas respectively to the inflow flue groups 1 and 3 respectively, the

products of combustion passing through the horizontal bus flues 18, 19 through outflow flue groups 2 and 4 respectively into and through regenerator sections 2 and 4 respectively. Thus, during one cycle of operation lengthwise of the battery,- sections 1 and 3 of regenerators 28 and 29 are inflow air and gas regenerators respectively and regenerator sections 2 and 4 are outflow waste gas regenerators respectively. Upon reversal, the regenerators and connected iiues operating for imiow become outflow regenerators and fiues,

and those operating for outiiow become inow regenerators and iiues. Reversal of flow in the regenerators takes place crosswise ofthe 'battery between sections 1 and 2 on the one hand and sections 3 and 4 on the other hand, so that during one cycle, regenerator sections 1 and 3 operate vfor inflow and 2 and 4 for outflow, and upon ypartition wall integral with supporting walls 14 as shown'in Fig. 2. The partition wall 39, in

effect, provides 'passages substantially rectangular in cross-section disposed in the base of the regenerators 28 and 29, openings being formed in the partition walls 31, 27, and 32 where the passages extend therethrough.

The structure of the passages in the base of the regenerators and the'connections between these passages and the chimney iiues 41, 42 located on the pusher and coke sides of the battery respectively is best shown in Figs. 1 and 4,y

and since this structure is identical for all regenerator pairs 28, 29, it will be described in detail in connection with one such pair.l Viewing the pair of regenerators at the base of Fig. 4, it will be no'ted'that passage 43 is provided in the base of section 1, regenerator 28, the top of this passage being in open communication with the regenerator section, end 44 thereof 'terminating at the partition Wall 3l and the other endv being in communication with manifold 45 (Fig. 1). Manifold 45 is provided with an air valve 46 for each regenerator, controlling the ow of air into the passages 43', a vwaste stack valve 47 for placing passages 43 into communication with the chimney flue 41, and a gas valve 48, shown in dotted lines, for each regenerator 29 to permit ilow of gas from gas main 51 into the gas regenerator 29. The valve structures, since they form no part of the present invention, are shown diagrammatically on the drawings. 'It will be understood that the valves for all the regenerators are interconnected and operated from a common source, upon reversal valves 47 being opened, While valves 46 and 48 are simultaneously closed. The structure of the valves and manifold associated with chimney flue 42 is identical with that hereinabove described.

With thevalves positioned as shown in Fig'. k1, air flows through the valve port controlled by valve 46, into passage43, and thence to section 1 of regenerators 28. Gas flows from the main 51 into a conduit or passage 52 in the base of section 1 of each gas generator 29. One' end of passage 52 is dened by the partition Wall 3l, i. e., terminates atthis par'tition'wall, the other end communicates with the manifold 45, and the top is in open communication with the regenerator section 1. The gas and air,'as hereinabove described, pass through regenerator section 1, up

= through group 1 of the nues; the products of has a conduit or passage 53 in line with conduit 43 of section l. One end of conduit 53 is closed by partition '31, i. e., terminates at partition 3l, as shown in Fig. 4. The top is in open com- Amunication with the regenerator section 2 and the side wall ofthe battery and the partition walls 31 and 27 into communication with section 3 of regenerator 28. The top of passageI 55 within regenerator section 3 is open so that this conduit is in communication 'with this regenerator section. Conduit 55 ends at the wall 32. The fourth regenerator section is provided with a short conduit 56 open at its top and leading into manifold 45 at the coke side of the battery. Similarly regenerator sections 3 of regenerators 29 are provided with passages 57y leading from the'manifold on the pusher side of the battery through walls 3l, 27, etrminating at wall 32 and in open communication through its top with sections 3 of regenerators 29. A shortconduit 58, similar to conduit 56, places sections 4 of regenerators 29 intorco'mmunication with the manifold on the cokeside of the battery.

The flow through the conduits or passages and connected regenerators is indicated diagrammatically on Fig. 4. The letters A and G placedv .and letter A in conduit 43 indicate a flow of air from the atmosphere into this conduit. The letter A in regenerator section 1 indicates iiow of air from conduit 43 into this section. The fullr line arrow and letter. G in conduitf52 indicate ilow of gas from the gas. main 51 into this lconduit, and the letter G' in regenerator section l of regenerator 29 indicates flow of gas in'this regenerator section. As above described, the gas and air flow into group 1 of the heating ilues above regenerator section '1, the resultant products of combustion iiowing down through group 2 into regenerator sections 2, as indicated by the letters PC. '53 and letters PC in this conduit indicate iiow The dotted line arrows in conduit of products of combustion therethrough into the chimney flue at the coke side of the battery. Likewise, the dotted line arrows in conduit 54 and letters PC, indicate ow vof products of combustion therethrough to the chimney flue at the coke side of the battery. Full line arrows and letters A and G in conduits 55 and 57 respectively, indicate flow of air and gas respectively into regenerator sections 3 of regenerators 28 and 29. Dotted line arrows and letters PC in short conduits 56 and 58 respectively indicate ow of products of combustion from regenerator sections 4 into the chimney ilue on the coke side of the battery. Upon reversal, the conduits serving for inflow become outflow conduits and flow occurs in the short conduits 56, 58 into regenerator sections 4, and in thelonger conduits 53, 54 into regenerator sections 2, the products of combustion passing out of relatively long conduits 55, 57 and short conduits 43, 52 respectively into the chimney flue at the pusher side of the battery.

Thus, it will be noted that flow in both conduits in sections 1 and 4 is in the same direction, and since pressure conditions are the same in both conduits, no leakage takes place 'in these sections. Hence, leakage losses in the operation of lthe battery are minimized. This arrangement has Y the advantage that not more than two channels extend in each regenerator section and that of the four channels leading from the four'sections, no channel is equal to the Width of the battery, i., e., the distance regenerator section 1 vis positioned from the coke side of the battery; hence, reducing the amount of brickwork required in the construction of the oven battery. Furthermore, by this arrangement of the channels, regenerators and communicating ilues, a positive xed path of flow through the regenerators 1, 2 and the communicating ues and channels, on the one hand, and the regenerators 3, 4 and communicating iiues and channels, on the other, is provided; that is to say, air introduced through channel 43 flows through regeneratoril, mixes with the gas introduced into group 1 of the flues, combustion of the gasin group 1 of the fiues being supported by this air and the resultant products of combustion passing through group 2 o! the flues, down through regenerator 2, out .through channel 53 into the chimney ilue 42. Upon reversal, air flows through channel 53, up through regenerator 2, supporting combustion of the gas introduced into group 2 of the flues, the resultant products of combustion ilowing down through group 1 of the flues, out through regenerator 1, channel 43, into chimney ue 41. In like manner, the ow of gas through the gas regenerators 1 and 2 and the ilow of air and gas through the regenerators 3 and 4 occurs along a positive xed path. v

As above indicated, extending cross-wise of the battery in the heating walls beneath the base of the heating ues are two series of gas supply channels 33, 34, and 33', 34. The pair of conduits on the pusher side of the battery are connected through valve-controlled connection pipes 61 with gas main 62, while the pair of channels on the coke side are connected through valvecontrolled pipes 63 with the gas main 64.` The channels 33, 34 and 33', 34' are for the purpose of supplying coke oven gas to theinfiow flues, channels 33 and 34' supplying groups 1 and 3 of the flues and channels 34 and 33' supplying groups 2 and 4 when these groups operate for inilow. AFor this purpose channels 33, 33', 34 and 34 communicate with the flues in the heating walls by ducts 65, leading from the channels individual to the base of each ue. Within the ducts 65 are disposed the usual gas nozzles 67. By means of the valve pipes 61 and 63, gas is supplied to the inilow operating ducts 65, it being understood that the gas supply is concurrently maintained in channels 33 and 34', and shut off from the channels 34 and 33'-,r the supply being reversed with respect to channels 33, 34' and 34, 33' at each reversal.

Preferably only channels 34 and34 are provided with decarbonizing valves '71. These valves may be of any well known design and for purposes of illustration one type of valve is shown which comprises a housing '12 on which is mounted a valve plate 73 controlling the flow of air from the atmosphere into. the channels. Movement of plate 'I3 may be eiiected by lever 'I4 pivoted-fto the housing '71 at '15 and connected to the plate 73. To one end of lever 74 is secured a chain 76 which passes over the sheave 77. It will be understood of course that a decarbonizing valve is provided for each channel 34, 34' and that through the chainsi'l the decarbonizing valves are automatically and concurrently operated to permit now of air through the burner nozzles into the outiiow groups .offlues 2 or 3 as the case may be, to decarbonize the burners in such ues and to prevent flow ofair into .the inflow. iiues of these two groups. The chains 'I6 are interconnected with the reversal mechanism and are automatically operated thereby. i

For operating the battery with an extraneously derived gas, such as producer gas, as the fuel burned in the nues, sections 1 and 3 of the several regenerators 28, 29 during their inflow period are connected to the producer gas main 51 through the valve-controlled manifold 45l so that the producer gas may be directed into sections 1 and 3 of the regenerators 29.- The supply of coke f oven gas to the channels 33 and 34', is of course, shut oil'. A supplyof producer gas is permitted to flow into the inilow regenerator sections 1 and 3 of regenerators 29, and passing through these regenerators is preheated before delivery into the inow groups of flues 1 and 3. Preheated air is delivered to the inow groups 1 and 3 through the inflow regenerators 28. During the inflow of producer gas from regenerator sections 1 and 3 of regenerators 29, and air through the corresponding sections of regenerators28, waste gasfrom the outiiow operating-nues 2 and 4 flows through the outiiow regenerator sections 2 and 4l into the chimney f iue on the coke side of the oven battery. On reversal of the flow, the inflow operating regenerators become outflow operatingl regenerators and concurrently, the outilow operating regenerators become inilow operating regenerators'.

In operating the battery with coke-oven gas, the supply of producer gas to the regenerator sections 1 and 3 of regenerators 29 yis cut o3 and air is permitted vto iiow into these regenerator sections instead of the producer gas. Operating in this manner, coke oven gas is fed from' the mains 62, 64 to channels 33, 34' whichfeed the inilow flues. IThe reversal mechanism is operated at each reversal to place all the inow operating regenerators in communication with the atmosphere-,so that these regenerators serve to preheat the airy passing therethrough to the flues, and concurrently all of the outflow` operating regenerators in communication with the chimney flues so thatthe waste vgas from the outflow iues passes through these regenerators into the chimney flues. v l

The invention as hereinabove described is embodied in a particular form of construction but it may be variously embodiedwithin the scope of the following claims. i

' What is claimed is:

1. A coke'oven battery comprising horizontally` elongated coking chambers and heatingwalls therefor, arranged side by side in arow in alter.

nate relation, each of said heating wallsjcom'- prising vertical combustion ilues disposed in two exterior and two interior groups o f consecutively operable fiues, each group offlues being constituted of a like number of nues, the individual flues of each group being concurrently operable in pairs from opposite sides of the battery, each channel being individual to a group of flues, gas

burner nozzles communicably connected with said channels, massive supporting walls beneath each heating wall, a row of four regenerators extending crosswise of the battery beneath the coking chambers and between each pair of supporting walls,

each regenerator being individual to and coinmunicably connected with two groups of flues, one on each side of the cokingchamber thereabove, alternate regenerators widthwise of the battery of eachpair of regenerator'rows being jointly operable for conveying air to the inflow flues and separately operable for conveying to the inflow flues air and an extraneously derived gas, and the remaining regenerators of each pair of regenerator rows being operable for conveying products of combustion away from the outflow ilues, each of said regenerators'being connected with Aa group .of heating `flues by a horizontal conduit communicably connected with the regenerator at a plurality of spaced points and provided with upwardly extending ducts leading into the base of the flues, a chimney flueat each side of the battery, a pair of passages leading from the chimney flue at one side of the battery to alternate regenerators of each row beginning with the regenerator immediately adjacent to said chimney flue at the said one side of the battery, each of said passages being individual to a; regenerator,

located in the base thereof, communicably con-- nected therewith Vand terminating atthe end walls of the regenerators remote from the said chimney flue at the said one side of the battery, and a pair of passages communicably connecting the remaining regenerators of each row to the chimney flue at the other side of the battery, each of said passages being individual to a regenerator, located `in the base thereof and leading from the end wall of the regenerator remote from the said chimney flue at the said other side of the battery to said chimney flue.

2. A coke oven battery comprising horizontally elongated coking chambers and heating walls therefor, arranged side by side in a row in alternate relation, each of said heating walls comprising a plurality of equal groups of vertical combustion ilues, the` individual flues of ceach group being concurrently. operable for flow in the same direction, the inflow operating groups alternating-vwith the outflow operating groups, each group of inflow flues being connected with a contiguous group of outflow flues, a regenerator system beneath said coking chambers comprising regenerators communicably connected with said ilues and arranged in rows, each row extending crosswise of the battery, there being one regenerator in each rowk for-each group of flues, a chimney flue at each side of the battery, a pair l`of passages leading from the chimney flue at one side of the battery to alternate regenerators of each row beginning with the regenerator immediately adjacent to said chimney flueat the said oney side of the battery, each of said passages being individual to a regenerator, located in the base thereof, communicably connected therewith and terminating at the end walls of the regenerators remote from the said chimney ilue at the said one side of the battery, and a pair of passages communicably connecting the remaining regenerators of each row to the chimney flue at the other side of the battery, each of said passages being individual to a regenerator, located in the base thereof and leading from the end wall of the regenerator remote from the said chimney flue at the said other side of ,theY battery to said chimney flue. f

3. A coke oven battery comprising coking chambers and heating Walls therefor arranged side by si'de in a row in alternate relation, each of said heating walls comprising a plurality of equal groups of vertical combustionl ilues, the individual flu'es of each group being concurrently operable for flowin the same direct-ion, the inflow operating groups alternating with the outfiowoperating groups, each group of inflow fiues being connected with a contiguous groupvof outflow flues and a regenerator system beneath said coking chambers comprisingv regenerators communicably connected with said flues and arranged in rows, each row extending crosswise of the battery, there being one regenerator in each row for each group'of fiues, a passage individual to each vregenerator located in the lbase thereof and extending therefrom to a side of the battery, the passages communicating with alternateregenerators of each row widthwise of the battery, extending to one vside of the battery while the passages communicating with the remaining regenerators of each row extend to the other side of the battery, and means for supplying air to said passages and withdrawing products of combustion through said passages at ,both sides of the oven battery.

4. A coke oven battery comprising coking chambers and heating walls therefor, arranged side by side in a row in alternate relation, each 'of said heating'walls comprisinga plurality of equal groups of vertical combustionflues, the individual flues of each group being concurrently operable for flow in the same direction, the inflow operating groups alternating with the outflow operating groups, each group of inflow flues being connected with a contiguous group of outilow flues and a regenerator system beneath said coking chambers comprising regenerators communicably connected with said flues and arranged in rows, each row extending crosswise of the battery there being one regenerator in each row for each group of flues, and the regenerators of each rowbeing communicably connected with means for supplying air to and withdrawing products of combustion from the regenerators at both sides ofthe oven battery, said means being constructed and arranged to provide a positive flxed path of flow of air individual to each regenerator and through the group of inflow flues communicably connected with the air inflow regenerator, the air supporting combustion in the inflow flues, the resultant products ofvcombustion passing through the outilow flues and through the outflow regenerator communicating with the outflow group of ilues and being withdrawn from said outflow regenerator through a passage individual to said outflow regenerator. y

5. A coke oven battery comprising coking chambers and heating walls therefor arranged side by side in a row in alternate relation, each of said heating wallscomprising vertical combustion flues disposed in two exterior and two interior groups of consecutively operable flues, the individual flues of each group being concurrently operable for flow in the same direction, the iniiow operating-groups alternating with the outow operating groups, each group oi' ues being connected with a contiguous group of outflow fiues and a regenerator system beneath said coking chambers comprising regenerators arranged in rows of four, each row extending crosswise of the battery, each regenerator being individual to and communicably connected with two groups of ues, one on each side of the coking chamber thereabove, a pair of passages leading from the chimney flue at one side of the battery to alternate regenerators of each row beginning with the regenerator immediately adjacent to said chimney flue at the said one side of the battery, each of said passages being individual to a regenerator, located in the base thereof, communicably connected therewith and terminating at the end walls of the regenerators remote from the said chimney iiue at the said one side of the 

